Addressing networks and dividedIP Addressing and Subnetting
The subject of networks and divided addressing one of the most important topics networking engineers seeking to Mastery for success in the workplace, and we will try through this lesson simplify the basics of tagging and division to make it is easy to understand and smooth absorption.IP address can be defined as a numerical identifier is assigned to each device on the network so that it becomes his special address easily accessible and locate it on the network and allows him to communicate with other devices.Before نتعمق in the topic you some simple terminology which will be used in the lesson:1 - Bit and is a number and has a value of 1 or zero.2 - Byte and consists of 8 bit and is sometimes called the Octet.3 - Network address network address and is used to send data to a specific network remotely and examples of it: 10.0.0.0, 172.16.0.0 and 192.168.10.0.4 - Title Publishing Broadcast address and is the address that is used by devices and applications to send information to all devices on the network and examples of it: 172.16.255.255, which means the information is sent to all devices and subnets in the network with the address 172.16.0.0, and another example: 10.255.255.255, which sends data to all devices and subnets in a network 10.0.0.0.The IP address consists of 32 bit and be divided into four sections, each section is a byte or octet and is written to one of the following methods:1 - using the decimal system, and each section is separated from the other point, such as: 172.16.30.56.2 - using the binary system, such as: 10101100.00010000.00011110.00111000.3 - using the hexadecimal system, such as: AC 10 1E 38 and is used in the system log Windows Registry.All previous methods used to display the same address, but in different ways and the most commonly used among them is the first method and is similar to phone numbers where starts with country and region, and then your phone number.You need to know that all the devices connected to the same network share that IP addresses for each of them contain the same network address, for example, assume the presence of two devices in one network has the address 192.168.1.2 and the other has the address 192.168.1.3 note they share the same network address is 192.168 1, but each of them your address and called the node address or host address, which in our example for the first 2 device and the second device 3.
Web designers decided to create several types of networks according to the size of the network, they chose to few in number and networks that contain a large number of devices to call them Class A network. While many opted for networks and number that contain a small number of devices to call them Class C network. The network number and medium-sized chose to call them Class B network.The following note in the picture how to split the titles in each of the previous species, and we will discuss it in more detail.
The subject of networks and divided addressing one of the most important topics networking engineers seeking to Mastery for success in the workplace, and we will try through this lesson simplify the basics of tagging and division to make it is easy to understand and smooth absorption.IP address can be defined as a numerical identifier is assigned to each device on the network so that it becomes his special address easily accessible and locate it on the network and allows him to communicate with other devices.Before نتعمق in the topic you some simple terminology which will be used in the lesson:1 - Bit and is a number and has a value of 1 or zero.2 - Byte and consists of 8 bit and is sometimes called the Octet.3 - Network address network address and is used to send data to a specific network remotely and examples of it: 10.0.0.0, 172.16.0.0 and 192.168.10.0.4 - Title Publishing Broadcast address and is the address that is used by devices and applications to send information to all devices on the network and examples of it: 172.16.255.255, which means the information is sent to all devices and subnets in the network with the address 172.16.0.0, and another example: 10.255.255.255, which sends data to all devices and subnets in a network 10.0.0.0.The IP address consists of 32 bit and be divided into four sections, each section is a byte or octet and is written to one of the following methods:1 - using the decimal system, and each section is separated from the other point, such as: 172.16.30.56.2 - using the binary system, such as: 10101100.00010000.00011110.00111000.3 - using the hexadecimal system, such as: AC 10 1E 38 and is used in the system log Windows Registry.All previous methods used to display the same address, but in different ways and the most commonly used among them is the first method and is similar to phone numbers where starts with country and region, and then your phone number.You need to know that all the devices connected to the same network share that IP addresses for each of them contain the same network address, for example, assume the presence of two devices in one network has the address 192.168.1.2 and the other has the address 192.168.1.3 note they share the same network address is 192.168 1, but each of them your address and called the node address or host address, which in our example for the first 2 device and the second device 3.
Web designers decided to create several types of networks according to the size of the network, they chose to few in number and networks that contain a large number of devices to call them Class A network. While many opted for networks and number that contain a small number of devices to call them Class C network. The network number and medium-sized chose to call them Class B network.The following note in the picture how to split the titles in each of the previous species, and we will discuss it in more detail.
Before we take all the titles in more detail I suggest that you join me in this review necessary to convert the binary system to the decimal system:
As mentioned, each byte consists of 8 bits is expressed in the binary system and each bit is either a value of 0 or 1 and each bit value of the interview in the decimal system as follows:
As mentioned, each byte consists of 8 bits is expressed in the binary system and each bit is either a value of 0 or 1 and each bit value of the interview in the decimal system as follows:
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
:Consider the following example
Now
to transform the binary number 00100110 to decimal number we collect
decimal values corresponding to each bit carries a value of 1:2 + 4 + 32 = 38Another example:01010101 to turn it into a decimal number we collect decimal values corresponding to each bit carries a value of 1:1 +4 +16 +64 = 85Other examples:00001111 = 1510001100 = 14011001100 = 204Now that we understand how to convert suggest you save the following values where too will help you later:00000000 = 010000000 = 12811000000 = 19211100000 = 22411110000 = 24011111000 = 24811111100 = 25211111110 = 25411111111 = 255
The first term network addresses: Class AFeatures a range of network addresses in accordance with the decision of مصمموها that the first bit of the first byte of the network address belonging to the Class A must be zero, which means that addresses the long Class A should be between 0 and 127, to understand how we got these two numbers to consider together to the first byte, which agreed that the first bit of it should be 0 this means that the titles in this byte will start from:00000000And ending title:01111111When converting the numbers into the decimal system we get the following:00000000 = 001111111 = 127So then, if we see any IP address starts with any number between 0 and 127 will know that it belongs to the term Class A.
The second term network addresses: Class B
Addresses this range is characterized by the decision of the designers of the first bit of the first byte of the network address belonging to the Class B must be a value of 1 while deciding the second must be a value of 0 always, and this got the address from 10000000 = 128 and ending with 10111111 = 191.
The third term network addresses: Class C
This addresses the long characterized the decision of the designers of the first and second bit of the first byte carrying value of 1 while the third carries deciding the value is always 0, and that we got over the headlines as of 11000000 = 192 and ending with 11,011,111 = 223.
There are some titles that can not be granted to the network manager devices never though they may belong to the extent permitted as follows:1 - Title 0.0.0.0 and is used by routers routers, a subsidiary of Cisco to refer to the default destination default route when routing data packets.2 - Address 255.255.255.255 and is used to broadcast or send data to all nodes on the network devices present.3 - can not be part of the IP address of the device the whole 255 or 0 you can not give a device the following address, for example: 128.2.255.255 or 128.2.0.0 and is another example:192.168.1.255 or 192.168.1.0, indicates where each of 128.2.0.0 and 192.168.1.0 to the network address while refers both 192.168.1.255 and 128.2.255.255 to the user in the address broadcast to all network devices.4 - can not be part of the network's IP address the whole 0 or 255, no you can not give a device the following address: 0.1.5.3.5 - 127.0.0.1 address can not be granted to any device and is used automatically by the device for the purpose of the test is connected that says send the package to the same data.
The first term network addresses: Class AFeatures a range of network addresses in accordance with the decision of مصمموها that the first bit of the first byte of the network address belonging to the Class A must be zero, which means that addresses the long Class A should be between 0 and 127, to understand how we got these two numbers to consider together to the first byte, which agreed that the first bit of it should be 0 this means that the titles in this byte will start from:00000000And ending title:01111111When converting the numbers into the decimal system we get the following:00000000 = 001111111 = 127So then, if we see any IP address starts with any number between 0 and 127 will know that it belongs to the term Class A.
The second term network addresses: Class B
Addresses this range is characterized by the decision of the designers of the first bit of the first byte of the network address belonging to the Class B must be a value of 1 while deciding the second must be a value of 0 always, and this got the address from 10000000 = 128 and ending with 10111111 = 191.
The third term network addresses: Class C
This addresses the long characterized the decision of the designers of the first and second bit of the first byte carrying value of 1 while the third carries deciding the value is always 0, and that we got over the headlines as of 11000000 = 192 and ending with 11,011,111 = 223.
There are some titles that can not be granted to the network manager devices never though they may belong to the extent permitted as follows:1 - Title 0.0.0.0 and is used by routers routers, a subsidiary of Cisco to refer to the default destination default route when routing data packets.2 - Address 255.255.255.255 and is used to broadcast or send data to all nodes on the network devices present.3 - can not be part of the IP address of the device the whole 255 or 0 you can not give a device the following address, for example: 128.2.255.255 or 128.2.0.0 and is another example:192.168.1.255 or 192.168.1.0, indicates where each of 128.2.0.0 and 192.168.1.0 to the network address while refers both 192.168.1.255 and 128.2.255.255 to the user in the address broadcast to all network devices.4 - can not be part of the network's IP address the whole 0 or 255, no you can not give a device the following address: 0.1.5.3.5 - 127.0.0.1 address can not be granted to any device and is used automatically by the device for the purpose of the test is connected that says send the package to the same data.
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